Requesting access tokens and authorization codes

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In this topic, we show you how to request access tokens and authorization codes, configure OAuth 2.0 endpoints, and configure policies for each supported grant type.

Sample code

For your convenience, the policies and endpoints discussed in this topic are available on GitHub in the oauth-doc-examples project in the Apigee api-platform-samples repository. You can deploy the sample code and try out the sample requests shown in this topic. See the project README for details.

Requesting an access token: authorization code grant type

This section explains how to request an access token using the authorization code grant type flow. For an introduction to OAuth 2.0 grant types, see Introduction to OAuth 2.0.

Sample request

$ curl -i -H 'Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded' \
   -H 'Authorization: Basic c3FIOG9vSGV4VHo4QzAyg5T1JvNnJoZ3ExaVNyQWw6WjRsanRKZG5lQk9qUE1BVQ' \
   -X POST 'https://docs-test.apigee.net/oauth/accesstoken' \
   -d 'code=I9dMGHAN&grant_type=authorization_code&redirect_uri=http://example-callback.com'

Required parameters

By default, these parameters must be x-www-form-urlencoded and specified in the request body (as shown in the sample above); however, it is possible to change this default by configuring the <GrantType>, <Code>, and <RedirectUri> elements in the OAuthV2 policy that is attached to this /accesstoken endpoint. For details, see OAuthV2 policy.

grant_type - Must be set to the value authorization_code.
code - The authorization code received from the /authorize endpoint (or whatever you choose to name it). To request an access token in the authorization code grant type flow, you must first obtain an authorization code. See Requesting authorization codes below. See also Implementing the authorization code grant type.
redirect_uri - You must provide this parameter if the redirect_uri parameter was included in the prior authorization code request. If the redirect_uri parameter was not included in the authorization code request, and if you do not provide this parameter, then this policy uses the value of the Callback URL that was provided when the developer app was registered.

Optional parameters

state - A string that will be sent back with the response. Typically used to prevent cross-site request forgery attacks.
scope - Allows you to filter the list of API products with which the minted token can be used. For detailed information on scope, see Working with OAuth2 scopes.

Authentication

You must pass the Client ID and Client Secret either as a Basic Authentication header (Base64-encoded) or as form parameters client_id and client_secret. You obtain these values from a registered developer app. See also "Encoding basic authentication credentials".

Sample endpoint

Here's a sample endpoint configuration for generating an access token. It'll execute the GenerateAccessToken policy, which must be configured to support the authorization_code grant type.

...
       <Flow name="generate-access-token">
            <Description>Generate a token</Description>
            <Request>
                <Step>
                    <Name>GenerateAccessToken</Name>
                </Step>
            </Request>
            <Response/>
            <Condition>(proxy.pathsuffix MatchesPath "/token") and (request.verb = "POST")</Condition>
        </Flow>
...

Sample policy

This is a basic GenerateAccessToken policy that is configured to accept the authorization_code grant type. For information on optional configuration elements that you can configure with this policy, see OAuthV2 policy.

<OAuthV2 name="GenerateAccessToken">
    <Operation>GenerateAccessToken</Operation>
    <ExpiresIn>1800000</ExpiresIn>
    <RefreshTokenExpiresIn>86400000</RefreshTokenExpiresIn>
    <SupportedGrantTypes>
      <GrantType>authorization_code</GrantType>
    </SupportedGrantTypes>
    <GenerateResponse enabled="true"/>
</OAuthV2>

Returns

With <GenerateResponse> enabled, the policy returns a JSON response that includes the access token, as shown below. The authorization_code grant type creates an access token and a refresh tokens, so a response might look like this:

{
    "issued_at": "1420262924658",
    "scope": "READ",
    "application_name": "ce1e94a2-9c3e-42fa-a2c6-1ee01815476b",
    "refresh_token_issued_at": "1420262924658",
    "status": "approved",
    "refresh_token_status": "approved",
    "api_product_list": "[PremiumWeatherAPI]",
    "expires_in": "1799", //--in seconds
    "developer.email": "tesla@weathersample.com",
    "organization_id": "0",
    "token_type": "BearerToken",
    "refresh_token": "fYACGW7OCPtCNDEnRSnqFlEgogboFPMm",
    "client_id": "5jUAdGv9pBouF0wOH5keAVI35GBtx3dT",
    "access_token": "2l4IQtZXbn5WBJdL6EF7uenOWRsi",
    "organization_name": "docs",
    "refresh_token_expires_in": "86399", //--in seconds
    "refresh_count": "0"
}

If <GenerateResponse> is set to false, the policy does not return a response. Instead, it populates the following set of flow variables with data pertaining to the access token grant.

oauthv2accesstoken.{policy-name}.access_token
oauthv2accesstoken.{policy-name}.expires_in //--in seconds
oauthv2accesstoken.{policy-name}.refresh_token
oauthv2accesstoken.{policy-name}.refresh_token_expires_in //--in seconds
oauthv2accesstoken.{policy-name}.refresh_token_issued_at
oauthv2accesstoken.{policy-name}.refresh_token_status

For example:

oauthv2accesstoken.GenerateAccessToken.access_token
oauthv2accesstoken.GenerateAccessToken.expires_in
oauthv2accesstoken.GenerateAccessToken.refresh_token
oauthv2accesstoken.GenerateAccessToken.refresh_token_expires_in
oauthv2accesstoken.GenerateAccessToken.refresh_token_issued_at
oauthv2accesstoken.GenerateAccessToken.refresh_token_status

Requesting an access token: client credentials grant type

This section explains how to request an access token using the client credentials grant type flow. For an introduction to OAuth 2.0 grant types, see Introduction to OAuth 2.0.

Sample request

For information on encoding the basic authentication header in the following call, see "Encoding basic authentication credentials".

$ curl -i -H 'Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic c3FIOG9vSGV4VHoAyg5T1JvNnJoZ3ExaVNyQWw6WjRsanRKZG5lQk9qUE1BVQ' \
  -X POST 'https://docs-test.apigee.net/oauth/accesstoken' \
  -d 'grant_type=client_credentials'

Required parameters

By default, the required grant_type parameter must be x-www-form-urlencoded and specified in the request body (as shown in the sample above); however, it is possible to change this default by configuring the <GrantType> element in the OAuthV2 policy that is attached to this /accesstoken endpoint. For example, you could elect to pass the parameter in a query parameter. For details, see OAuthV2 policy.

grant_type - Must be set to the value client_credentials.

Optional parameters

state - A string that will be sent back with the response. Typically used to prevent cross-site request forgery attacks.
scope - Allows you to filter the list of API products with which the minted token can be used. For detailed information on scope, see Working with OAuth2 scopes.

Authentication

You must pass the Client ID and Client Secret either as a Basic Authentication header (Base64-encoded) or as form parameters client_id and client_secret. You obtain these values from the registered developer app associated with the request. See also "Encoding basic authentication credentials".

Sample endpoint

Here's a sample endpoint configuration for generating an access token. It'll execute the GenerateAccessToken policy, which must be configured to support the client_credentials grant type.

...
       <Flow name="generate-access-token">
            <Request>
                <Step>
                    <Name>GenerateAccessToken</Name>
                </Step>
            </Request>
            <Response/>
            <Condition>(proxy.pathsuffix MatchesPath "/token") and (request.verb = "POST")</Condition>
        </Flow>
...

Sample policy

This is a basic GenerateAccessToken policy that is configured to accept the client_credentials grant type. For information on optional configuration elements that you can configure with this policy, see OAuthV2 policy.

<OAuthV2 name="GenerateAccessToken">
    <Operation>GenerateAccessToken</Operation>
    <ExpiresIn>1800000</ExpiresIn> <!-- 30 minutes -->
    <SupportedGrantTypes>
      <GrantType>client_credentials</GrantType>
    </SupportedGrantTypes>
    <GenerateResponse enabled="true"/>
</OAuthV2>

Returns

With <GenerateResponse> enabled, the policy returns a JSON response. Note that with the client_credentials grant type, refresh tokens are not supported. Only an access token is minted. For example:

{
    "issued_at": "1420260525643",
    "application_name": "ce1e94a2-9c3e-42fa-a2c6-1ee01815476b",
    "scope": "READ",
    "status": "approved",
    "api_product_list": "[PremiumWeatherAPI]",
    "expires_in": "1799", //--in seconds
    "developer.email": "tesla@weathersample.com",
    "organization_id": "0",
    "token_type": "BearerToken",
    "client_id": "5jUAdGv9pBouF0wOH5keAVI35GBtx3dT",
    "access_token": "XkhU2DFnMGIVL2hvsRHLM00hRWav",
    "organization_name": "docs"
}

If <GenerateResponse> is set to false, the policy does not return a response. Instead, it populates the following set of flow variables with data pertaining to the access token grant.

oauthv2accesstoken.{policy-name}.access_token
oauthv2accesstoken.{policy-name}.expires_in //--in seconds

For example:

oauthv2accesstoken.GenerateAccessToken.access_token
oauthv2accesstoken.GenerateAccessToken.expires_in     //--in seconds

Requesting an access token: password grant type

This section explains how to request an access token using the resource owner password credentials (password) grant type flow. For an introduction to OAuth 2.0 grant types, see Introduction to OAuth 2.0.

For more details on the password grant type, including a 4-minute video showing how to implement it, see Implementing the password grant type.

Sample request

For information on encoding the basic authentication header in the following call, see "Encoding basic authentication credentials".

$ curl -i -H 'Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic c3FIOG9vSGV4VHo4QzAySVg5T1JvNnJoZ3ExaVNyQWw6WjRsanRKZG5lQk9qUE1BVQ' \
  -X POST https://docs-test.apigee.net/oauth/token \
  -d 'grant_type=password&username=the-user-name&password=the-users-password'

Required parameters

By default, these parameters must be x-www-form-urlencoded and specified in the request body (as shown in the sample above); however, it is possible to change this default by configuring the <GrantType>, <Username>, and <Password> elements in the OAuthV2 policy that is attached to this /token endpoint. For details, see OAuthV2 policy.

User credentials are typically validated against a credential store using an LDAP or JavaScript policy.

grant_type - Must be set to the value password.
username - The resource owner's user name.
password - The resource owner's password.

Optional parameters

state - A string that will be sent back with the response. Typically used to prevent cross-site request forgery attacks.
scope - Allows you to filter the list of API products with which the minted token can be used. For detailed information on scope, see Working with OAuth2 scopes.

Authentication

You must pass the Client ID and Client Secret either as a Basic Authentication header (Base64-encoded) or as form parameters client_id and client_secret. You obtain these values from the registered developer app associated with the request. See also "Encoding basic authentication credentials".

Sample endpoint

Here's a sample endpoint configuration for generating an access token. It'll execute the GenerateAccessToken policy, which must be configured to support the password grant type.

...
       <Flow name="generate-access-token">
            <Request>
                <Step>
                    <Name>GenerateAccessToken</Name>
                </Step>
            </Request>
            <Response/>
            <Condition>(proxy.pathsuffix MatchesPath "/token") and (request.verb = "POST")</Condition>
        </Flow>
...

Sample policy

This is a basic GenerateAccessToken policy that is configured to accept the password grant type. For information on optional configuration elements that you can configure with this policy, see OAuthV2 policy.

<OAuthV2 name="GenerateAccessToken">
    <Operation>GenerateAccessToken</Operation>
    <ExpiresIn>1800000</ExpiresIn> <!-- 30 minutes -->
    <RefreshTokenExpiresIn>28800000</RefreshTokenExpiresIn> <!-- 8 hours -->
    <SupportedGrantTypes>
      <GrantType>password</GrantType>
    </SupportedGrantTypes>
    <GenerateResponse enabled="true"/>
</OAuthV2>

Returns

With <GenerateResponse> enabled, the policy returns a JSON response. Note that with the password grant type, both an access token and refresh token are minted. For example:

{
    "issued_at": "1420258685042",
    "scope": "READ",
    "application_name": "ce1e94a2-9c3e-42fa-a2c6-1ee01815476b",
    "refresh_token_issued_at": "1420258685042",
    "status": "approved",
    "refresh_token_status": "approved",
    "api_product_list": "[PremiumWeatherAPI]",
    "expires_in": "1799", //--in seconds
    "developer.email": "tesla@weathersample.com",
    "organization_id": "0",
    "token_type": "BearerToken",
    "refresh_token": "IFl7jlijYuexu6XVSSjLMJq8SVXGOAAq",
    "client_id": "5jUAdGv9pBouF0wOH5keAVI35GBtx3dT",
    "access_token": "I6daIgMSiUgYX1K2qgQWPi37ztS6",
    "organization_name": "docs",
    "refresh_token_expires_in": "28799", //--in seconds
    "refresh_count": "0"
}

If <GenerateResponse> is set to false, the policy does not return a response. Instead, it populates the following set of flow variables with data pertaining to the access token grant.

oauthv2accesstoken.{policy-name}.access_token
oauthv2accesstoken.{policy-name}.expires_in   //--in seconds
oauthv2accesstoken.{policy-name}.refresh_token
oauthv2accesstoken.{policy-name}.refresh_token_expires_in  //--in seconds
oauthv2accesstoken.{policy-name}.refresh_token_issued_at
oauthv2accesstoken.{policy-name}.refresh_token_status

For example:

oauthv2accesstoken.GenerateAccessToken.access_token
oauthv2accesstoken.GenerateAccessToken.expires_in
oauthv2accesstoken.GenerateAccessToken.refresh_token
oauthv2accesstoken.GenerateAccessToken.refresh_token_expires_in
oauthv2accesstoken.GenerateAccessToken.refresh_token_issued_at
oauthv2accesstoken.GenerateAccessToken.refresh_token_status

Requesting an access token: implicit grant type

This section explains how to request an access token using the implicit grant type flow. For an introduction to OAuth 2.0 grant types, see Introduction to OAuth 2.0.

Sample request

$ curl -X POST -H 'Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded' \
  'https://docs-test.apigee.net/oauth/implicit?response_type=token&client_id=ABC123&redirect_uri=http://callback-example.com'

Required parameters

By default, these parameters must be query parameters (as shown in the sample above); however, it is possible to change this default by configuring the <ResponseType>, <ClientId>, and <RedirectUri> elements in the OAuthV2 policy that is attached to this /token endpoint. For details, see OAuthV2 policy.

User credentials are typically validated against a credential store using an LDAP service callout or JavaScript policy.

response_type - Must be set to the value token.
client_id - The client ID of a registered developer app.
redirect_uri - This parameter is mandatory if a Callback URI was not provided when the client developer app was registered. If a Callback URL was provided at client registration, it will be compared to this value and must match exactly.

Optional parameters

state - A string that will be sent back with the response. Typically used to prevent cross-site request forgery attacks.
scope - Allows you to filter the list of API products with which the minted token can be used. For detailed information on scope, see Working with OAuth2 scopes.

Authentication

The implicit grant does not require basic authentication. You do need to pass a client ID as a request parameter, as explained here.

Sample endpoint

Here's a sample endpoint configuration for generating an access token. It'll execute the GenerateAccessTokenImplicitGrant policy.

...
       <Flow name="generate-access-token-implicit">
            <Request>
                <Step>
                    <Name>GenerateAccessTokenImplicitGrant</Name>
                </Step>
            </Request>
            <Response/>
            <Condition>(proxy.pathsuffix MatchesPath "/implicit") and (request.verb = "POST")</Condition>
        </Flow>
...

Sample policy

This is a basic GenerateAccessTokenImplicitGrant policy that processes token requests for the implicit grant type flow. For information on optional configuration elements that you can configure with this policy, see OAuthV2 policy.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<OAuthV2 name="GenerateAccessTokenImplicit">
    <DisplayName>GenerateAccessTokenImplicit</DisplayName>
    <Operation>GenerateAccessTokenImplicitGrant</Operation>
    <GenerateResponse enabled="true"/>
</OAuthV2>

Returns

With <GenerateResponse> enabled, the policy returns a 302 Location redirect in the response header. The redirect points to the URL specified in the redirect_uri parameter and is appended with the access token and token expiration time. Note that the implicit grant type does not support refresh tokens. For example:

https://callback-example.com#expires_in=1799&access_token=In4dKm4ueoGZRbIYJhC9yZCmTFw5

If <GenerateResponse> is set to false, the policy does not return a response. Instead, it populates the following set of flow variables with data pertaining to the access token grant.

oauthv2accesstoken.{policy-name}.access_token
oauthv2accesstoken.{policy-name}.expires_in  //--in seconds

For example:

oauthv2accesstoken.GenerateAccessToken.access_token
oauthv2accesstoken.GenerateAccessToken.expires_in   //--in seconds

Requesting an authorization code

If you're using the authorization code grant type flow, you need to obtain an authorization code before you can request an access token.

Sample request

$ curl -X POST -H 'Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded' \
  'http://myorg-test.apigee.net/oauth/authorize?client_id={consumer_key}&response_type=code'

where an OAuthV2 GenerateAuthorizationCode policy is attached at the /oauth/authorize proxy endpoint (see the sample endpoint below).

Required parameters

response_type - Must be set to the value code.
client_id - The client ID of a registered developer app.

Optional parameters

redirect_uri - If a full (not partial) Callback URI is specified in the registered client app, this parameter is optional; otherwise, it is required. The callback is the URL where Edge sends the newly minted auth code. See also Register apps and manage API keys.
state - A string that will be sent back with the response. Typically used to prevent cross-site request forgery attacks.
scope - Allows you to filter the list of API products with which the minted token can be used. For detailed information on scope, see Working with OAuth2 scopes.

Authentication

Does not require basic authentication, however the client ID of the registered client app must be supplied in the request.

Sample endpoint

Here's a sample endpoint configuration for generating an authorization code:

<OAuthV2 name="GenerateAuthorizationCode">
  <Operation>GenerateAuthorizationCode</Operation>
    <!--
    ExpiresIn, in milliseconds. The ref is optional. The explicitly specified
    value is the default, when the variable reference cannot be resolved.
        60000 = 1 minute
       120000 = 2 minutes
    -->
  <ExpiresIn>60000</ExpiresIn>
  <GenerateResponse enabled="true"/>
</OAuthV2>

Sample policy

This is a basic GenerateAuthorizationCode policy. For information on optional configuration elements that you can configure with this policy, see OAuthV2 policy.

<OAuthV2 name="GenerateAuthorizationCode">
    <Operation>GenerateAuthorizationCode</Operation>
    <GenerateResponse enabled="true"/>
</OAuthV2>

Returns

With <GenerateResponse> enabled, the policy returns ?code query parameter to the redirect_uri (Callback URI) location with the authorization code attached. It is sent via a 302 browser redirect with the URL in the Location header of the response. For example: ?code=123456.

If <GenerateResponse> is set to false, the policy does not return a response. Instead, it populates the following set of flow variables with data pertaining to the authorization code.

oauthv2authcode.{policy-name}.code
oauthv2authcode.{policy-name}.scope
oauthv2authcode.{policy-name}.redirect_uri
oauthv2authcode.{policy-name}.client_id

For example:

oauthv2authcode.GenerateAuthorizationCode.code
oauthv2authcode.GenerateAuthorizationCode.scope
oauthv2authcode.GenerateAuthorizationCode.redirect_uri
oauthv2authcode.GenerateAuthorizationCode.client_id

Note: You can also set custom attributes in the OAuthV2 policy. Custom attributes will be returned in the same format pattern as the other variables: oauthv2.{policy_name}.{attribute_name}. When you generate an access token from the auth code, the access token will inherit any custom variables set in the auth code. See also OAuthV2 policy.

Refreshing an access token

A refresh token is a credential you use to obtain an access token, typically after the access token has expired or becomes invalid. A refresh token is returned in the response when you receive an access token.

Note: Existing attributes in an access token cannot be appended/deleted/modified during the RefreshAccessToken operation. Values inside the element are not processed in the RefreshAccessToken operation. Use SetOAuthV2Info policy to update the attributes.

To request a new access token using a refresh token:

Sample request

For information on encoding the basic authentication header in the following call, see "Encoding basic authentication credentials".

$ curl -X POST \
  -H "Content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic c3FIOG9vSGV4VHo4QzAyg5T1JvNnJoZ3ExaVNyQWw6WjRsanRKZG5lQk9qUE1BVQ' \
  https://myorg-test.apigee.net/my_oauth_endpoint/refresh_accesstoken \
  -d 'grant_type=refresh_token&refresh_token=my-refresh-token'

Required parameters

grant_type - Must be set to the value refresh_token.
refresh_token - The refresh token associated with the access token you wish to renew.

By default, the policy looks for these as x-www-form-urlencoded parameters specified in the request body, as shown in the example above. To configure an alternate location for these inputs, you can use the <GrantType> and <RefreshToken> elements in the OAuthV2 policy. For details, see OAuthV2 policy.

Optional parameters

state - A string that will be sent back with the response. Typically used to prevent cross-site request forgery attacks.
scope - Allows you to filter the list of API products with which the minted token can be used. For detailed information on scope, see Working with OAuth2 scopes.

Authentication

client_id
client_secret

You must pass the Client ID and Client Secret either as a Basic Authentication header (Base64-encoded) or as form parameters client_id and client_secret. See also "Encoding basic authentication credentials".

When refreshing an access token, there is no re-authentication of the user.

Here's a sample endpoint configuration for generating an access token using a refresh token. It'll execute the RefreshAccessToken policy.

 ...
       <Flow name="generate-refresh-token">
            <Request>
                <Step>
                    <Name>RefreshAccessToken</Name>
                </Step>
            </Request>
            <Response/>
            <Condition>(proxy.pathsuffix MatchesPath "/refresh") and (request.verb = "POST")</Condition>
       </Flow>
...

Sample policy

This is a basic RefreshAccessToken policy that is configured to accept the refresh_token grant type. For information on optional configuration elements that you can configure with this policy, see OAuthV2 policy.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<OAuthV2 name="RefreshAccessToken">
    <Operation>RefreshAccessToken</Operation>
    <GenerateResponse enabled="true"/>
    <ExpiresIn>1800000</ExpiresIn> <!-- 30 minutes -->
    <RefreshTokenExpiresIn>28800000</RefreshTokenExpiresIn> <!-- 8 hours -->
</OAuthV2>

Returns

With <GenerateResponse> enabled, the policy returns a JSON response containing the new access token. The refresh_token grant type supports minting both access and new refresh tokens. For example:

{
    "issued_at": "1420301470489",
    "application_name": "ce1e94a2-9c3e-42fa-a2c6-1ee01815476b",
    "scope": "READ",
    "refresh_token_issued_at": "1420301470489",
    "status": "approved",
    "refresh_token_status": "approved",
    "api_product_list": "[PremiumWeatherAPI]",
    "expires_in": "1799", //--in seconds
    "developer.email": "tesla@weathersample.com",
    "token_type": "BearerToken",
    "refresh_token": "8fKDHLryAD9KFBsrpixlq3qPJnG2fdZ5",
    "client_id": "5jUAdGv9pBouF0wOH5keAVI35GBtx3dT",
    "access_token": "jmZ2Hqv3iNsABUtAAsfWR3QGNctw",
    "organization_name": "docs",
    "refresh_token_expires_in": "28799", //--in seconds
    "refresh_count": "2"
}

You should know that after a new refresh token is minted, the original is no longer valid.

The above response is what you get if <GenerateResponse> is set to true. If <GenerateResponse> is set to false, the policy does not return a response. Instead, it populates the following set of context (flow) variables with data pertaining to the access token grant.

oauthv2accesstoken.{policy-name}.access_token
oauthv2accesstoken.{policy-name}.expires_in   //--in seconds
oauthv2accesstoken.{policy-name}.refresh_token
oauthv2accesstoken.{policy-name}.refresh_token_expires_in  //--in seconds
oauthv2accesstoken.{policy-name}.refresh_token_issued_at
oauthv2accesstoken.{policy-name}.refresh_token_status

For example:

oauthv2accesstoken.RefreshAccessToken.access_token
oauthv2accesstoken.RefreshAccessToken.expires_in
oauthv2accesstoken.RefreshAccessToken.refresh_token
oauthv2accesstoken.RefreshAccessToken.refresh_token_expires_in
oauthv2accesstoken.RefreshAccessToken.refresh_token_issued_at
oauthv2accesstoken.RefreshAccessToken.refresh_token_status

Encoding basic authentication credentials

When you make an API call to request a token or auth code, it's a good practice, and is recommended by the OAuth 2.0 specification to pass the client_id and client_secret values as an HTTP-Basic Authentication header, as described in IETF RFC 2617. To do this, you must base64-encode the result of joining the two values together with a colon separating them.

In pseudo-code:

result = Base64Encode(concat('ns4fQc14Zg4hKFCNaSzArVuwszX95X', ':', 'ZIjFyTsNgQNyxI'))

In this example, ns4fQc14Zg4hKFCNaSzArVuwszX95X is the client_id and ZIjFyTsNgQNyxI is the client secret.

Regardless of the programming language you use to compute the base64-encoded value, for those given client credentials, the base64-encoded result is: bnM0ZlFjMTRaZzRoS0ZDTmFTekFyVnV3c3pYOTVYOlpJakZ5VHNOZ1FOeXhJOg==

Then, you can make the token request as follows:

$ curl -i -H 'Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic bnM0ZlFjMTRaZzRoS0ZDTmFTekFyVnV3c3pYOTVYOlpJakZ5VHNOZ1FOeXhJOg==' \
  -X POST 'https://docs-test.apigee.net/oauth/accesstoken' \
  -d 'grant_type=client_credentials'

The curl utility will actually create the HTTP Basic header for you, if you use the -u option. The following is equivalent to the above:

$ curl -i -H 'Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded' \
  -u 'ns4fQc14Zg4hKFCNaSzArVuwszX95X:ZIjFyTsNgQNyxI' \
  -X POST 'https://docs-test.apigee.net/oauth/accesstoken' \
  -d 'grant_type=client_credentials'

Other programming environments may have similar shortcuts that automatically generate the base64-encoded header.

Hashing tokens in the database

To protect OAuth access and refresh tokens in the event of a database security breach, you can enable automatic token hashing in your Edge organization. When the feature is enabled, Edge automatically creates a hashed version of newly generated OAuth access and refresh tokens using the algorithm you specify. (Information about bulk-hashing existing tokens follows.) The un-hashed tokens are used in API calls, and Edge validates them against the hashed versions in the database.

The following organization-level properties control OAuth token hashing.

features.isOAuthTokenHashingEnabled = true
features.OAuthTokenHashingAlgorithm = SHA1 | SHA256 | SHA384 | SHA512 | PLAIN

If you have existing hashed tokens and want to retain them until they expire, set the following properties in your organization, where the hashing algorithm matches the existing algorithm (for example, SHA1, the former Edge default). If the tokens were un-hashed, use PLAIN.

features.isOAuthTokenFallbackHashingEnabled = true
features.OAuthTokenFallbackHashingAlgorithm = SHA1 | SHA256 | SHA384 | SHA512 | PLAIN

If you're an Edge cloud customer, contact Apigee Edge Support to set these properties on your organization and optionally to bulk hash existing tokens.

Private Cloud: For Edge for Private Cloud customers, use the following API call with system administrator credentials.

curl -u email:password -X PUT -H "Content-Type: application/xml" https://host:port/v1/o/{myorg} \
  -d '<Organization type="trial" name="MyOrganization">
    <Properties>
        <Property name="features.isOAuthTokenHashingEnabled">true</Property>
        <Property name="features.OAuthTokenHashingAlgorithm">SHA256</Property>
        <Property name="features.isOAuthTokenFallbackHashingEnabled">true</Property>
        <Property name="features.OAuthTokenFallbackHashingAlgorithm">SHA1</Property>
        <Property...(an existing property)
        <Property...(an existing property)
        <Property...(an existing property)
    </Properties>
  </Organization>'

Bulk hashing existing tokens

Edge also provides a script you can run to hash existing tokens. For more information, see the Edge for Private Cloud Operations Guide version 4.15.07.00 and later.

Requesting access tokens and authorization codes

Sample code

Requesting an access token: authorization code grant type

Sample request

Required parameters

Optional parameters

Authentication

Sample endpoint

Sample policy

Returns

Requesting an access token: client credentials grant type

Sample request

Required parameters

Optional parameters

Authentication

Sample endpoint

Sample policy

Returns

Requesting an access token: password grant type

Sample request

Required parameters

Optional parameters

Authentication

Sample endpoint

Sample policy

Returns

Requesting an access token: implicit grant type

Sample request

Required parameters

Optional parameters

Authentication

Sample endpoint

Sample policy

Returns

Requesting an authorization code

Sample request

Required parameters

Optional parameters

Authentication

Sample endpoint

Sample policy

Returns

Refreshing an access token

Sample request

Required parameters

Optional parameters

Authentication

Sample policy

Returns

Encoding basic authentication credentials

Hashing tokens in the database

Related topics